Doreen Allerkamp Ph.D. Student, Political Science Award Recipient, Goekjian Summer Research Grants, 2002 Doreen is a third year PhD student in Political Science and currently writing the proposal for her dissertation, which will examine the evolving conflict management role of the European Union in the Balkans and attempt to link it to the EU's ongoing process of institutional reform. Her general research interests include European security and international conflict management processes, and she has done extensive prior work on different aspects of the international conflict management efforts in the Balkans. In her research project, entitled "Learning by Doing? The European Union's institutional adaptation to its conflict management role in the Balkans", Doreen will explore the basic hypothesis of her dissertation project that among the factors driving and directing the EU's efforts to reform its Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP), the experience of conflict management in the Balkans has more explanatory power than alternative accounts (intergovernmental bargaining, institutionalist spillover, ideas). She intends to test this hypothesis using archival research (official/unofficial documents, statements & analyses) and, crucially, interviews of pertinent actors involved in EU decision-making. In preparation, her summer project has had two parts: to establish an empirical link between events in the Balkans and steps in the CFSP reform process, and to identify, locate and determine the availability of potential interviewees in Brussels and the Balkans to prepare the ground for the collection of data through interviews. For this purpose, she hopes to draw on previously established contacts with EU, WEU and NATO officials in Brussels as well as representatives of NGOs working in the region. A German citizen, Doreen did her previous graduate work in Europe, earning an M.A. in Political Science from Free University Berlin (FUB) in 1999 and a joint degree in Political and Social Sciences from FUB and the Institut d’Etudes Politiques (IEP) in Paris, with a concentration in international relations and public international law, in 1998. She is a Fulbright Scholar and currently preparing for qualifying exams in her subfields of international relations and comparative politics. Her broader research interests include European Security, European Union (EU) Common Foreign and Defense Policy (CFSP), EU institutional development as well as international conflict and crisis management.   Srikrishna Ayyangar Ph.D. Student, Political Science Award Recipient, Goekjian Summer Research Grants, 2002 Srikrishna Ayyangar has a BA in Political Science, Economics and History from Bangalore University, Bangalore, India, a Masters of Philosophy from The Center for Political Studies, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India and is currently working on a PhD in Political Science at the Maxwell School. Srikrishna's research includes the political economy of India and the microcredit sector in many countries. Srikrishna would like to focus on the role of the Indian state in poverty alleviation, and collect information about how governments in other parts of the world have gotten involved in microfinance. Srikrishna will explore the state policies, reforms and other institutional changes that complement the national program in Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu, meeting government officials, NGO and bank personnel. Seeking a deeper understanding of current policies and their implementation, Srikrishna will use the information to focus a dissertation proposal. The study will add to the existing literature by emphasizing the impact that different levels of government can have on policy implementation, and how these levels adapt to the growing understanding that markets can also alleviate poverty.   Amrita Banerjee Ph.D. Student, History Award Recipient, Goekjian Summer Research Grants, 2002 A second year graduate student in the Ph.D program in the department of history, Ms. Banerjee's dissertation seeks to expose the racial and sexual presumptions that underlay colonial policy in India and the usefulness of sexual politics in the formation of Indian nationalism in the period between 1920-40. She hopes to do this research in the context of the Child Marriage Restraint Act of 1929. An examination of the debates on child marriage, she believes, will reveal that female sexuality was constantly negotiated in the colonial period so as to re-inscribe class and gender hierarchies. Her dissertation interests are a response to the fact that the available literature on the issue has studied the Act as part of an ongoing struggle between colonialism and nationalism for appropriation of modernity as the basis for political legitimacy. She intends to take the debate further by examining the way in which Indian women's reproductive roles emerged as central to familial, and by extension, national survival. The Agehananda Bharati Research grant allowed her to visit the Library of Congress at Washington and examine articles in some contemporary English newspapers on the Child Marriage Restraint Act. The Goekjian award will permit her to build on that research. She will visit the National Library in Calcutta to examine contemporary Bengali newspapers and women's journals on the issue of child marriage, aiding in her investigation of how images of proper womanhood with its associated notions of domesticity and propriety were based upon urban middle class perceptions which proved to be restrictive to working class women.     C. Esra Cuhadar Gurkaynak Ph.D. Candidate, International Relations Award Recipient, Goekjian Summer Research Grants, 2002 Ms. Cuhadar's research focuses on the evaluation of track-two diplomacy and how its impact is transferred to official policymaking and official negotiations. In her research, she will specifically deal with unoffical efforts concerning the Israeli-Palestinian conflict at the pre-negotiation stage. Her major goal is to develop an evaluation guideline for the assessment of track two efforts to be used by practitioners and funding agencies in the field. She will conduct a 'structured-focused comparative case study' of three unofficial diplomacy cases. Ms. Cuhadar will gather evidence through a combination of document research and interviews with people who participated in unofficial meetings, key people who have information on the processes and the unofficial third parties who organized the meetings. She will take a field trip to Israel to conduct interviews there with the participants as well as gather unpublished documents from the local sources. She will also conduct interviews with Palestinians.   Holly Dobbins Ph.D Student, Social Sciences Award Recipient, Goekjian Summer Research Grants, 2002   David Mitchell Ph.D. Candidate, Political Science Award Recipient, Goekjian Summer Research Grants, 2002 David has a Bachelor of Arts in Political Science from the University of Michigan and is currently a PhD candidate in the Political Science Department at Syracuse University. His research interests include International Relations and Public Administration: specifically, comparative foreign policy, US foreign policy, decision-making, diplomacy, national and international security and international organizations. David's dissertation examines the kinds of decision-making processes that result from differences in the degree of control a president chooses to exercise over the policy-making process and the choice of management structure. The identified decision-making processes are evaluated using the method of structured-focused comparisons on four cases of presidential decision making from the Nixon, Carter, Reagan, and Clinton administrations. Overall, the formulation of a new and refined understanding of the foreign policy decision-making process provides an analytical tool for explaining foreign policies and for improving the decision-making process. In addition to his current research, he is currently investigating the comparative differences between prime ministers and their mangment styles with and interest in explaining implications for the policy process.   Samarpita Mitra Dey Ph.D. Candidate, History Award Recipient, Goekjian Summer Research Grants, 2002 Samarpita is currently a PhD student in the Dept of History at Maxwell. She has a B.A. (Honors) in History from Presidency College, Calcutta and a M.A. in History from the University of Calcutta. Her research topic is Literary Radicalism: Aesthetics, Politics and the Anti-Colonial Struggle in Late Colonial Bengal, 1908 – 1941. The function of literature within revolutionary, political processes, especially anti-colonial nationalist struggles has been subjected to close scrutiny throughout the twentieth century and in almost all parts of the world. Her research will address this issue with particular focus on literature in early twentieth century Bengal. She will look at how partly in response to the surveillance machinery of the British Raj Bengali literature transcended a purely oppositional anti-colonial rhetoric and increasingly voiced the need for social change. The debates on realism/romanticism and humanism/modernism that involved Rabindranath Tagore and his contemporaries reveal not simply differences in Bengal’s reception of western Enlightenment and modernity but also differences in ways of perceiving the realities of colonial subjection and nationalist opposition. She has found in Bengali literature the emergence of a radical critique of contemporary reality that was the direct consequence of a hundred and fifty years of agonizing and soul-searching colonial experience. Samarpita will reconstruct the history of this politico-literary imagination and the articulation of a new political agency, through a detailed study of the literary journals and magazines published in Bengali between 1905 and 1941. The wide range of avant-garde magazines can afford insights in to not only the question of the ambivalent relation between literary radicalism and political praxis but also draws attention to the process of politicization of the expanding middle class readership.   Sanjukta Mukherjee Ph.D Student, Geography Award Recipient, Goekjian Summer Research Grants, 2002 Sanjukta Mukherjee is a second year Ph.D. student in the Geography Department here in Syracuse. Her research focuses on the relationship between the globalization of software production and the changing gender construction of work at multiple scales: the industry, specific workplaces and the individual workers in firms. She intends to do a comparative analyses between India and USA, analyzing the changes that are occurring in the ethnic and gender composition of labor in the software industry, raising important questions about the processes and relations through which gender and ethnic inequalities are reproduced and challenged within and between organizations located in multiple national spaces. To what extent, for example, are gender or ethnic inequalities within an organization and its international sites a function purely of the differential skills of its workers or alternatively the outcome of gender constructions that make particular bodies more suited to particular forms of work? Funded by the Goekjian Summer Research Grant, she conducted a preliminary pilot study in Boston’s Route 128 software cluster in the 2002. Sanjukta has a Bachelor's Degree in Geography from Calcutta University and a Master's Degree in Geography from Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India. She enjoys teaching and is involved in Syracuse University's Future Professoriate Program and is a Teaching Fellow at the Graduate School’s TA Program.   Binnur Ozkececi-Taner Post Doctorate Fellow, European Programs Award Recipient, Goekjian Summer Research Grants, 2002 Binnur Ozkececi-Taner completed her Ph.D. in Political Science at the Maxwell School, Syracuse University and holds an MA in Conflict Resolution and Peace Studies from the Kroc Institute for Peace Studies, University of Notre Dame. Binnur received her BA in International Relations from the Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey, in 1998. In her research, Binnur focuses on the role of ideas in International Relations and Comparative Politics, European integration, coalition government policymaking and foreign policy decision-making. Her dissertation, titled, The Role of Ideas in Coalition Government Foreign Policymakign: Turkey as an Example, 1991-2002, examined the role of institutionalized ideas in coalition foreign policymaking. Specifically, her dissertation revealed the importance of 'battle of ideas' in foreign policymaking where the authority to decide was within the collective leadership of autonomous actors. Binnur's research has been published in Foreign Policy (Ankara, Turkey), Turkish Studies and Perceptions. She has numerous bookreviews appeared in the International Journal of Middle East Studies, British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies and Turkish Studies. Binnur has also been the assistant editor of the International Studies Review since 2002 (her term ends in December 2004). In addition to her research and service activities Binnur has taught undergraduate courses, including Political Conflict, and led sections, including Political Theory, Introduction to International Relations, Philosophy of Law, Negotiation, and Introduction to Peace Studies at the University of Notre Dame and the Syracuse University. She will be teaching Introduction to International Relations (freshmen level) and European Integration (junior level) at the Syracuse University in the Spring of 2005. More Info...   Adriana Sandu Ph.D. Student, Public Administration Award Recipient, Goekjian Summer Research Grants, 2002 Previous academic and working experience: - Research assistant, Center for Policy Research, Maxwell School: research on poverty and inequality in Central and Eastern Europe and Latin America - Project coordinator, Childhood Protection Program, EU- Phare program in Romania: worked with the Governmental Department of child protection on designing new social services for children and families; worked with Social Work Departments throughout the country on curriculum development for a better practical training for the social work students. - Social worker, coordinating various community development projects in Romania   Ermin Sinanovic Ph.D Student, Political Science Award Recipient, Goekjian Summer Research Grants, 2002 Ermin Sinanovic, who is from Bosnia and Herzegovina, is a PhD student in the Department of Political Science, Maxwell School. He obtained his BA in Islamic Revealed Knowledge and BA in Human Science (Political Science Major) from the International Islamic University Malaysia. At the International Institute of Islamic Thought and Civilization (ISTAC) in Kuala Lumpur, Ermin obtained MA in Islamic Civilization and wrote a Master Thesis titled "The Majority Principle and Its Application in Decision-Making Processes: An Exploration into Islamic Legal and Political Thought." His research interests include Islamic Revivalism, transitions to democracy (with focus on ex-Yugoslavia), religion and politics, politics of the Muslim world, and human rights and international law.   Erika Wilkens Ph.D Student, Political Science Award Recipient, Goekjian Summer Research Grants, 2002 Erika Wilkens is a doctoral student in Political Science at the Maxwell School. Her background includes a Master’s degree in International Relations, research experience on gender, development and quality of life in rural India, and two years teaching at a university in Lithuania. Her general research interests include transitions to democracy, minority rights and protection, and comparative social policy reform in Central and Eastern European countries (CEECs). Currently, she is focusing on the role of the state in addressing the needs of their ethnic and national minorities. By examining the situation of the Roma (gypsy) in selected countries, this research attempts to explain divergent state approaches to the needs of a highly marginalized ethnic minority, as well as the gap between state’s normative commitments and policy implementation. This summer she spent time in Hungary and Romania conducting interviews with government policymakers and representatives of key international actors (e.g., the World Bank, the European Commission) who are working on Roma issues, as well as Roma leaders in the community, government and in local non-governmental organizations.   Namoos Zaheer Ph.D Student, Philosophy and Anthropology Award Recipient, Goekjian Summer Research Grants, 2002   Payal Banerjee Doctoral candidate, Department of Sociology Award Recipient, Goekjian Summer Research Grants, 2001 Payal researches the incorporation of Indian immigrant IT workers in the U.S and also assesses the interconnections among U.S. immigration policies, globalization, gender, and transnational migration. Area: United States and India Title: Indian Immigrant Information Technology (IT) Workers in the United States   Carolyn Breitbach Doctoral Student, Geography Award Recipient, Goekjian Summer Research Grants, 2001 Research Summary: "Social Justice in Global Agro-Food Systems: Beef" The past two decades have seen restructuring in United States agro-food systems as American corporations struggle to maintain profits within new configurations of global markets. This research explores issues of social justice in one area of food systems - beef production. Changes to food systems range across all sectors of industry and agriculture, from farming and livestock raising to global-scale marketing and consumer targeting. These changes reflect global economic shifts, technological developments and modifications in the way people eat. Of concern for this project is the way transformations in the system shape the lives and experiences of the many people, from farm workers to meat packers, who work along the commodity chain of meat production and within the places it produces. This research will explore issues of social justice by studying particular sites and social relations of beef production, set within a large-scale understanding of global agro-food systems.   Mohua Das Doctoral Student, Economics Award Recipient, Goekjian Summer Research Grants, 2001 Research Summary: “Outsourcing and Skill Composition of Labor Force in National Industries: A Case Study of Information Technology Enabled Customer Service Industry in New Delhi, India” This research explores the impact of trade liberalization on human capital acquisition in developing countries by examining the skill and demographic composition of labor force employed in the information-technology-enabled customer service sector in New Delhi, India. It builds on my dissertation research, where I model and estimate the way increased trade openness may reduce the economic return to education in labor-abundant countries. I look for evidence of decline in incentives to human capital accumulation at the grass roots, in a single sector of the Indian Economy - the customer service industry that is currently being outsourced from U.S., U.K., and Australia to India. The methodology used was survey of the relevant labor force, participant observation and other forms of information such as the media. Roughly 70 surveys confirm the initial hypothesis that incentives from education in Delhi have been reduced among the labor force employed in one segment of the newly emerging information-technology-enabled customer service sector in India - the call center industry.   Johan Eliasson Doctoral Student, Political Science Award Recipient, Goekjian Summer Research Grants, 2001 Research Summary: Since 1999 the militarily neutral members of the European Union have begun to accept policies and engage in activities previously deemed unacceptable. His research uses a historical institutional framework focusing on institutions (rules, norms, habits) and how this favors certain groups and their ideas, leading to a path-dependent development. The Goekjian grant enabled him to do archival research and conduct interviews that provide support for two main arguments. First, Britain’s 1998 shift from opposition to support for common EU defense policies was a path-altering strategic decision, following which institutional developments gained pace. These developments have led neutral members’ altered defense policies. Secondly, differences in neutral members’ responses to similar external stimuli can be explained by looking at the nature of their respective neutrality. Distinguishing between ideologically rooted neutrality in Sweden, and pragmatic, realist-based neutrality in Finland, examples are given of how (formal and informal) institutional structures lead to different policy reactions. Johan hopes to expand this research to Ireland and Austria after completing his dissertation.   George Farag Doctoral Student, Anthropology Award Recipient, Goekjian Summer Research Grants, 2001 Research Summary: "Working With Wasta: Rethinking Corruption in Egypt" In this paper I focus on Governor Mohammed Abdel Salam El Mahgoub’s innovative idea to institutionalize wasta as part of his plan to revitalize the city of Alexandria, Egypt. Wasta is a Middle Eastern phenomenon that manipulates the “use of influence to facilitate action on one’s behalf” (Rubinstein 1998: 1491). Although wasta is theoretically illegal, it has continued to thrive in Egyptian society. The practice of wasta results in corruption that has reached unspeakable levels in Egypt. The Egyptian bureaucracy is in shambles because people use wasta to secure jobs even when they are not qualified to hold them. The study and understanding of wasta is critical as it provides great insight to Middle Eastern, and in this particular project Egyptian, society. Governor Mahgoub presents an interesting case for analyzing wasta because he recognized that although it is illegal, it is a significant part of the Egyptian culture and created a system to use it to the advantage of the city and its citizens. He exemplifies searching within local Arab traditions for answers to current problems (El-Tayab 1986). Within his plan, he eliminates excessive bureaucracy and red tape for business people in return for their financial support in the form of contributions for projects to improve the infrastructure of Alexandria, Egypt. I use interviews conducted in Egypt with the Governor and citizens to identify popular Egyptian discourse or discourses that shape attitudes and determine if social expectations of wasta are changing as a result of the governor’s plan. I also examine the barriers the governor is facing from top government officials and those below him who have lost their roles as the wasayit (People who act on behalf of others to facilitate action). Finally I discuss the viability of such a program in other developing nations.   Agnes Gereban Schaefer Doctoral Student, Political Science Award Recipient, Goekjian Summer Research Grants, 2001 Research Summary: “Global Civic Engagement: The Role of Women’s Civic Groups in Post-World War II International Relations” (written collaboratively with A. Lanethea Mathews) The project explores the post-war role of US and international women’s civic organizations, such as the World YWCA, the International Federation of Business and Professional Women, the Women’s International League for Peace and Freedom, the World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts, and the World Union of Catholic Women’s Organizations. These organizations all had US chapters or branches and were embedded in dense networks of women’s organizations throughout the world. Women’s groups in the post-war era helped shape the character of the emerging United Nations, were primarily responsible for the establishment of the UN Commission on Women and, within the United States, strategically drew on post-war international visibility to shape social and foreign policy. The project highlights the role of non-governmental women’s organizations in international relations while exploring the connections between American politics and international politics. Uncovering the political influence of women’s voluntary associations, the project also unsettles conventional wisdom about the supposedly minor post-war status of women. Although women’s political influence was largely confined to that which they exercised through voluntary groups, nevertheless, women were able to shape institutions in the international arena and, in turn, to strengthen their political leverage within the US.   Minwon Lee Doctoral Student, Sociology Award Recipient, Goekjian Summer Research Grants, 2001 Research Summary: “Filipino Workers in Ansan, South Korea” From the late 1980s, the structure of the Korean economy and labor market encountered big changes. Labor shortage, especially in small manufacturing, was deepening, and many Korean workers no longer took jobs in the industries characterized as 3D (Difficult, Dirty, and Dangerous). According to the Ministry of Justice, the number of immigrant workers in Korea rapidly increased from 6,409 in 1987, to 66, 323 in 1993, to 142, 405 in 1995, and to 245,399 in 1997. In 2000, the number of migrant workers reached 311, 544, including documented (35.9%) and undocumented workers (64.1%). Among them, the number of Filipino workers is approximately one hundred thousand, two-thirds of which are undocumented workers who are one of the most voiceless and powerless groups in Korean society. Most Filipinos work in small factories in the industries of clothing and textiles, chemicals, and metal assembly, which are labor-intensive and declining industries in Korea. My study is about Filipino migrant workers and their community in Ansan, an industrial city of suburban Seoul, South Korea. I met these Filipino workers through a Catholic migrant center where I worked as a volunteer in summer 2001. Many stories from my interviewees are connected in many ways to global capitalism as well as to the changes of the Korean economic structure, the Korean government’s dual policy for immigrant workers, and Koreans’ attitude toward racism and discrimination against foreigners. This study focuses on why and how Korean society makes Filipino migrant workers invisible and makes it hard for them to settle down in a foreign land. I explore these issues from my interviewees’ experiences as low wageworkers and foreigners in Korea and my participant observation in the migrant center which is a center of the Ansan Filipino Community.   Lanethea Mathews Doctoral Student, Political Science Award Recipient, Goekjian Summer Research Grants, 2001 Research Summary: “Global Civic Engagement: The Role of Women’s Civic Groups in Post-World War II International Relations” (written collaboratively with Agnes Gereben Schaefer) The project explores the post-war role of US and international women’s civic organizations, such as the World YWCA, the International Federation of Business and Professional Women, the Women’s International League for Peace and Freedom, the World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts, and the World Union of Catholic Women’s Organizations. These organizations all had US chapters or branches and were embedded in dense networks of women’s organizations throughout the world. Women’s groups in the post-war era helped shape the character of the emerging United Nations, were primarily responsible for the establishment of the UN Commission on Women and, within the United States, strategically drew on post-war international visibility to shape social and foreign policy. The project highlights the role of non-governmental women’s organizations in international relations while exploring the connections between American politics and international politics. Uncovering the political influence of women’s voluntary associations, the project also unsettles conventional wisdom about the supposedly minor post-war status of women. Although women’s political influence was largely confined to that which they exercised through voluntary groups, nevertheless, women were able to shape institutions in the international arena and, in turn, to strengthen their political leverage within the US. Lanethea's summer research project was on "Women's Movements in the US and Europe since 1945".   Neddy Matshalaga Doctoral Student, Sociology Award Recipient, Goekjian Summer Research Grants, 2001 Ms. Matshalaga is recipient of the World Bank Margaret McNamara Award for outstanding work with women and children in Zimbabwe. Currently a doctoral candidate in Sociology, Neddy has recently returned from fieldwork in Zimbabwe focusing on grandparents raising AIDS orphans. She is also the recipient of a Fullbright International Scholarship, an AAUW International Scholarship, and a Jacobs Foundation Dissertation Fellowship. She has extensive experience studying issues related to gender and development in Africa, and is the author of articles on the gender dimensions of urban poverty; on rural micro finance, on community-based orphan care, amongst others.   Anna Ohanyan Doctoral Student, Poltical Science Award Recipient, Goekjian Summer Research Grants, 2001 Anna Ohanyan is a Ph.D. Candidate in the Department of Political Science at the Maxwell School of Citizenship and Public Affairs of Syracuse University (New York, USA). Currently she holds a Teaching Fellowship from Maxwell School. Ms. Ohanyan worked as a research and training consultant for the United Nations Foundation, the Carter Center, Conflict Management Group at Harvard University, Center for International Security Studies at Maryland University (National Intelligence Council Project), and Alliance for Conflict Transformation among others. Ms. Ohanyan’s dissertation is entitled "Institutional Politics of Post-Conflict Foreign Aid Disbursement: The Case of Microenterprise Finance Networks in post-conflict Bosnia and Herzegovina". The work aims to investigate the institutional architecture supporting post-conflict foreign aid disbursement by international governmental and non-governmental organizations. Specifically, it aims to explain how competing visions and goals in international development are negotiated and under what conditions do certain policy choices win out. Understanding the institutional politics driving the foreign aid disbursement in conflict regions will potentially explain the peculiarities of global governance in post-conflict regions such as Afghanistan, the Balkans, and the Caucasus. The research focuses on the transnational network mobilization in post-Conflict Bosnia and examines the effects transnational networks have on the non-governmental organizations.   Sally Steindorf Doctoral Student, Anthropology Award Recipient, Goekjian Summer Research Grants, 2001 Research Topic: "Bringing the Satellites Back Down to Earth: Television and Local Lives in Rural Rajasthan" Globalization in the village of Kothariya, Rajasthan (pop. 8,000), located 56 km north of Udaipur, means satellite TV, the Internet, international tourism, and husbands and brothers who work in cities like Mumbai and Ahmedabad. This project focuses on how women in Kothariya, belonging to different castes, generations, and economic levels, are both accepting and rejecting the messages from one element – satellite television – in this global ‘cultural supermarket’. In Kothariya, many upper caste women remain in purdah; they can neither wander freely through the village, nor talk with village men outside of their families. Because of this, these women’s connections to the wider world tend to occur through the medium of satellite television, or vicariously through the men in their families. Thus I shall pay particular attention to how women respond to the messages conveyed by satellite TV, and to the reasons why some women reject the medium completely. Overall, my goal is to understand cable satellite television as a process in relation to Kothariya – I will follow the path of this medium from TV producers, to the role of the local cable operator, to rural women’s negotiations of messages from cable satellite television. My focus, however, will remain on rural women and the ideas from satellite television which they both reject and incorporate into their lives.   Charleen Tuchovsky Doctoral Student, Sociology Award Recipient, Goekjian Summer Research Grants, 2001 Research Summary: "Alternative Constructions/Perceptions of Prostitution" The construction of the prostitute as a monolithic, victimized figure in much of western feminists’ writings has prompted U.S. sex worker activists to posit some alternative images. Among these are images of prostitutes as career women, as performers, and as fun-loving women who love their sexuality. However, these depictions of prostitution are still very much on the margins. Holding an international film festival is one way for the activist community to bring together people from different realms, and claim a global movement for prostitutes’ rights.     Steve Viscelli Doctoral Student, Anthropology Award Recipient, Goekjian Summer Research Grants, 2001 Steve Viscelli received his BA in Philosophy from Colgate University in 1996. He has spent the last four years working as an activist for mainstream and grassroots environmental NGOs on forestry and trade issues. He came to Syracuse University in the fall of 1999 to study the environmental movement. He is particularly interested in the use of non-violent direct action tactics within social movements.     Deanne Inman Graduate Student, Anthropology Award Recipient, Goekjian Summer Research Grants, Deanne is currently pursuing a Ph.D. in Anthropology, a Masters in Public Administration and a PARC certificate in Conflict Studies. She is a Teaching Associate within the Maxwell School and have been a Teaching Assistant in the Anthropology department. Her research, tentatively entitled, “Ubuntu’s Unifying Presence: Ubuntu and Social Cohesion in a South African Community” is working to develop a grounded, operationalized understanding of ubuntu (translation: interdependent humanity). Ubuntu is considered to be a foundational aspect of South African Xhosa cultural identity. Beyond adding to anthropological knowledge through an in-depth ethnography of this aspect of Xhosa culture, she will investigate whether and how the state's current rhetoric of ubuntu as a social regeneration tool has resonance for Xhosa (and non-Xhosa) citizens. She received her B.A. in Psychology and International Business from the Ohio State University and spent subsequent years as a tour director, leading motorcoach and bicycle tours in the US, Canada, Costa Rica, France, Germany, Austria and Switzerland. She worked at the International Diplomacy Council in San Francisco, arranging professional appointments for United States Information Agency’s International Visitors Program participants. She first traveled to South Africa in 1990, returning to live on a farm in Stellenbosch, South Africa in 1993. She lived in Cape Town from 1996-2002 where she conducted multicultural youth leadership training and spearheaded the entry of a global peace initiative integrating play as an avenue to multicultural understanding. She will return to South Africa for her dissertation research. She hopes to ultimately be a productive anthropologist and do consulting work in cross cultural conflict resolution.   Natalia Trofimenko Graduate Student, Economics Award Recipient, Goekjian Summer Research Grants, Natalia is a third year PhD student in economics, majoring in international trade and public finance. She received her Bachelor degree in Kyrgyzstan, her home country, and came to the United States as a Muskie fellow for graduate study at Miami University (Ohio). After having received her Master's degree in economics, she returned to her home country and worked fist as a research assistant at the local IMF office and later as a project manager for United Nations. She left her job to obtain a second Master's degree, this time in statistics, to prepare herself for the program at Syracuse University. Upon graduation she aspires to work for an international organization. Natalia's outside interests include reading (non-fiction), foreign languages and tap dancing. Abstract The aim of this research is to investigate whether exporting to an advanced market is a superior learning experience than exporting to a less developed market. A search of the economic literature databases identified over thirty empirical articles that contain the key words “trade-induced learning” or “learning by exporting.” Of those, virtually none address the issue of the quality of the environment in which learning takes place. Yet, it would not be naïve to expect that if any learning by exporting exists, it would be of superior quality in a more advanced country for the following reasons: an advanced country offers a greater “learning potential”, it has higher standards with respect to product quality, timing of shipments, etc., and it may open the doors to new markets since acceptance in a developed market signals the reputation for quality, fair dealing and stable supply.