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DESCRIPTION:Ronald Herring Professor\, Department of Government\, Cornell U
 niversity GMOs\, NGOs\, Science and the State: India's Struggles With Expe
 rt Knowledge and Democratic Rule Science and democracy are inherently unea
 sy partners. Regulation and law depend on settled authoritative knowledge:
  whether there either is or is not anthropogenic climate change is not a m
 atter to be settled with votes. Yet science is tentative by epistemologica
 l commitments\; campaigns in civil society project certainty out of necess
 ity . Biotechnology in India put official science at odds with democratic 
 processes in two episodes. In assessing Bt cotton\, state regulatory scien
 ce was more cautious than farmers (and state governments beholden to the r
 ural vote). Despite its caution\, state science on GMOs was nevertheless a
 ttacked as dangerously inadequate by a coalition of forces in civil societ
 y: NGOs. Mobilization diffused evidence of ill-health effects\, livestock 
 deaths\, and farmer suicides. Though rejected by official science\, NGO cl
 aims built networks that successfully defeated India's second GMO: a trans
 genic eggplant. These two cases of crops carrying the same transgene conve
 rge in illustrating conditions that create the vulnerability of state scie
 nce\, but diverge in whose interests prevailed. Politics diverged in part 
 because cotton is not a food crop and eggplant is\, but as importantly bec
 ause the crops are embedded in different political economies\, evoking dif
 ferent interests and political capacities.
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DTSTAMP:20260512T191759Z
DTSTART:20120410T163000Z
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SUMMARY:South Asia Center presents: Ronald Herring
UID:RFCALITEM639141958793537135
X-ALT-DESC;FMTTYPE=text/html:Ronald Herring Professor\, Department of Gover
 nment\, Cornell University GMOs\, NGOs\, Science and the State: India's St
 ruggles With Expert Knowledge and Democratic Rule Science and democracy ar
 e inherently uneasy partners. Regulation and law depend on settled authori
 tative knowledge: whether there either is or is not anthropogenic climate 
 change is not a matter to be settled with votes. Yet science is tentative 
 by epistemological commitments\; campaigns in civil society project certai
 nty out of necessity . Biotechnology in India put official science at odds
  with democratic processes in two episodes. In assessing Bt cotton\, state
  regulatory science was more cautious than farmers (and state governments 
 beholden to the rural vote). Despite its caution\, state science on GMOs w
 as nevertheless attacked as dangerously inadequate by a coalition of force
 s in civil society: NGOs. Mobilization diffused evidence of ill-health eff
 ects\, livestock deaths\, and farmer suicides. Though rejected by official
  science\, NGO claims built networks that successfully defeated India's se
 cond GMO: a transgenic eggplant. These two cases of crops carrying the sam
 e transgene converge in illustrating conditions that create the vulnerabil
 ity of state science\, but diverge in whose interests prevailed. Politics 
 diverged in part because cotton is not a food crop and eggplant is\, but a
 s importantly because the crops are embedded in different political econom
 ies\, evoking different interests and political capacities.<br>
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